Prevention, Detection, Evaluation, and Management of Cardiovascular-Kidney-Metabolic Syndrome
American College of Cardiology, American Diabetes Association, American Heart Association, American Society of NephrologyPublished: June 9, 2026
- Introduction
- Definitions and Classification
- Evaluation and Diagnosis
- Risk Assessment
- General Principles of Care in CKM Syndrome
- Management of CVD in CKM Syndrome
- Important Considerations
- Monitoring and Follow-Up After Initiation of Therapies
- Tables:
- CKM Syndrome Definition
- CKM Staging Definitions and Diagnostic Criteria for Adults
- Diagnostic Criteria for Obesity, Hypertension, Dyslipidemia, and Diabetes in Youth (<18 years)
- SDOH Screening Tools for Adult Populations With or at Risk for CKM Syndrome
- SDOH Screening Tools for Caregivers of Youth Populations With or at Risk for CKM Syndrome
- Summary of Guideline-Based Recommendations for the Use of Outcome-Specific PREVENT Equations in the Primary Prevention of CVD-Based Risk Thresholds
- Risk Enhancers for CKM Syndrome
- Summary of Therapeutic Considerations Related to Overlapping CKM Conditions
- CKM Interdisciplinary Team
- Coordinated Services for Optimal CKM Management
- Average Changes in Weight and Metabolic Risk Profiles, as well as Common Side Effects of Approved Obesity Pharmacotherapies
- Adverse Effects of SGLT2i in T2D
- Adverse Effects of GLP-1–Based Therapy in T2D
- Definition of Pre-Heart Failure
- Increased Risk of MASLD*
- Secondary Risk Assessment Tools for Clinically Significant Fibrosis Among Patients at Risk for MASLD
- Management of Gastrointestinal Adverse Effects of GLP-1–Based Therapies
- Recommendations for Achieving Glycemic Goals in Patients With T2D With CVD or High Risk for CVD After Initiation of Cardioprotective Therapy
- Figures and Algorithms:
- Stages of CKM Syndrome
- Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) Heat Map for Classification of CKD Risk
- Longitudinal Assessments for Adults According to Baseline CKM Syndrome Stage
- Conceptual Approach to CKM Risk Assessment and Refinement
- Use of Interdisciplinary Care Models in CKM Syndrome
- Overview of Management Principles for CKM Syndrome Stages 1 to 3 for Patients With Obesity, Type 2 Diabetes, or CKD
- Management of Obesity in CKM Syndrome Stages 1 to 3
- Management of Type 2 Diabetes in CKM Syndrome Stages 2 to 3
- Management of CKD in CKM Syndrome Stages 2 to 3
- Cardiovascular and Kidney Protective Therapies in CKD Without Type 2 Diabetes Using UACR
- Cardiovascular and Kidney Protective Therapies in CKD With Type 2 Diabetes Using UACR
- Evaluation and Management of Pre-HF in CKM Syndrome
- Overview of ASCVD Management in CKM Syndrome Stage 4
- Management of Comorbid Obesity and ASCVD in CKM
- ICER of Semaglutide for the Secondary Prevention of CVD in U.S. Adults With Overweight/Obesity and Without Diabetes
- Management of Comorbid Type 2 Diabetes and ASCVD in CKM
- Overview of HF Management in CKM Syndrome Stage 4
- Management of Obesity and HF According to HF Subtype
- Management of Type 2 Diabetes and HF According to HF Subtype
- Management of CKD and HF According to HF Subtype
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