Age-Related Macular Degeneration
IMPORTANT INFORMATION
IMPORTANT INFORMATION
Key Points
...Key Po...
...Although an estimated 80% of age...
Etiology
...Etiolog...
...Risk Fac...
...g cessation is strongly recommended...
...l the available information on the subject of asp...
...genetic testing for risk alleles is not cu...
...Natural Hist...
...pseudodrusen are best imaged using fundus aut...
Diagnosis
...Di...
...acular degeneration (AMD) is a disorder of the ma...
...Macular Degeneration...
...lassification of AMD from the AREDSaHaving...
Care Process
...Care Process...
...evaluation of a patient with signs and symp...
...nitial history should consider symptoms...
...history should consider medicatio...
...istory should consider ocular history, med...
...l history should consider social hist...
...physical examination should include a com...
...al examination should include stereoscopic biomi...
...lar slit-lamp biomicroscopy of the ocular...
...coherence tomography (OCT) is important in di...
...also assists in evaluating the response of the...
...eration OCT modalities, including spectral do...
...us fluorescein angiography is indic...
...dus fluorescein angiography is helpful to detect...
...verteporfin photodynamic therapy (PD...
...ntravenous fundus fluorescein angiography is he...
...avenous fundus fluorescein angiography is helpf...
...ected on the basis of new symptoms...
...ngiography is performed, the physician mu...
...c facility should have a care plan in...
...undus photographs may be obtained when...
...us photographs may also be used as...
...anine green (ICG) angiography has been shown to...
...hen ICG angiography is performed, the physicia...
...l other tests including fundus autofluorescence,...
...early AMD and/or a family history of AMD should...
Management
...Managemen...
...atients who are currently smoking should...
Treatment with antioxidants and minerals as descri...
...ts with a high risk AMD phenotype are at increased...
...ients with a high risk AMD phenotyp...
...nic monitoring devices are now available to a...
...ry and examination are the recommended elements of...
The follow-up history should take into account...
...istory should take into account changes...
The follow-up history should take into account cha...
The follow-up history should take into accoun...
...he examination on the follow-up visit should i...
...examination on the follow-up visit should...
...have been treated with aflibercept, bevaciz...
...nce tomography (OCT), fluorescein a...
...l treatment and follow-up with intravitreal an...
...follow-up and treatment intervals vary dep...
...ents treated with pegaptanib sodium injection sho...
...bsequent examinations, OCT, and flu...
...should be instructed to report symptoms o...
...tients should be instructed to monito...
...atients at exceptionally high risk (e....
...al personnel should be aware that p...
...gist will perform most of the examin...
...nts with AMD should be educated abo...
...he informed consent process should include...
...ehabilitation restores functional ability and pati...
...optical or electronic magnifying lenses, bright...
...atients with Charles Bonnet syndrome and their f...
...mologist may inquire about symptoms of c...
Table 3. Treatment Recommendations...
...e 4. Antioxidant Vitamin and Mineral Su...
...5. Summary of Results of Original AR...
Findings and Recommendations for Care
...Findings and Recomme...
...ts who have been instructed to use aspirin by...
...ant vitamin and mineral supplementation as pe...
...l injection therapy using pan-vascular VEGF inhib...
...ggestive of postinjection endophthalmitis or...
Treatment Modalities
...ere is no evidence to support the...
...c dose (25 mg) in the AREDS2 formulation c...
...therapies have become first-line therapy fo...
...oveal lesions that may have been previousl...
Patients with juxtafoveal lesions may also be con...
The current trend is to use anti-VEGF agents in...
...gery for extrafoveal lesions remains a l...
...erapy, acupuncture, electrical sti...
...major anti-VEGF trials have used either a...
...hould be used when dosing PRN bevacizumab, as...
...ntinuous, variable dosing regimen that...
...benefits, complications, and alte...
Verteporfin is contraindicated in patients w...
...ration should be given to patients...
...enlargement of a pre-existing scot...
...e of the potential adverse effects, such as in...