Consistent engagement with current medical literature enables clinicians to apply the latest evidence-based treatment and integrate research into clinical practice. This approach enhances patient outcomes by facilitating more effective and individualized care.

Today, we’re showcasing some of the latest oncology-related articles published recently across medical journals. Today’s rundown features articles discussing bladder cancer, prostate cancer, and thyroid cancer.

Bladder Cancer Articles

Cost-Effectiveness of Perioperative Pembrolizumab Plus Enfortumab Vedotin for Cisplatin-Ineligible or Cisplatin-Declining Patients with Muscle-Invasive Bladder Cancer in the United States

  • August 2026
  • Journal of Medical Economics
  • Description: In the KEYNOTE 905/EV 303 study, perioperative enfortumab vedotin plus pembrolizumab (EV+Pem) improved event-free survival (EFS), overall survival (OS), and pathological complete response in a predominantly cisplatin-ineligible muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC) population, compared with surgery alone with or without adjuvant nivolumab, as indicated (surgery ± adjuvant nivolumab). This study assessed the cost-effectiveness of perioperative EV+Pem for cisplatin-ineligible or declining patients with MIBC from a US third-party payer perspective.
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The Impact of ERBB2 Alterations in Muscle-Invasive Bladder Cancer After Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy

  • August 2026
  • BJUI Compass
  • Description: Cisplatin‐based neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) has been a standard treatment for muscle‐invasive bladder cancer (MIBC), although peri‐operative management is evolving to include immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) and enfortumab vedotin (EV)‐based regimens. Despite these advances, access to EV and ICIs remains limited in much of the world, and cisplatin‐based NAC continues to represent a standard option for a large proportion of patients globally. Identification of biomarkers associated with response to NAC therefore remains clinically important.
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Tumor Mutational Burden and Clinical Outcomes in Muscle-Invasive Bladder Cancer Patients Treated with Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy

  • August 2026
  • Cancer Research Communications
    Description: Pathological complete response (pCR) after neoadjuvant cisplatin-based chemotherapy (NAC) is associated with improved outcomes in muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC), but genomic predictors of benefit remain unvalidated. Based on observations in lung cancer, [the researchers] hypothesized that MIBC patients with high TMB would be unlikely to benefit from NAC, indicated by residual disease after cystectomy.
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The Effect of Intravesical Bacillus Calmette-Guerin Treatment on Sexual Functions and Mental Health in Male and Female Patients Diagnosed with Non-Muscle Invasive Bladder Cancer

  • July 2026
  • Urology Research & Practice
  • Description: The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of intravesical Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) treatment on sexual functions in females and males diagnosed with non-muscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC).
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Prostate Cancer Articles

CD73 Inhibition Overcomes Adaptive Immune Resistance to PARP Inhibition in Models of Prostate Cancer

  • August 2026
  • The Journal of Clinical Investigation
  • Description: Metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) remains a leading cause of cancer-related mortality in men. Although poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase inhibitors (PARP inhibitor) are approved for mCRPC patients with homologous recombination repair (HRR) deficiencies, clinical trials combining Olaparib with PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors have shown limited efficacy in unselected populations. To investigate the immunomodulatory effects of PARP inhibitor in an unbiased manner, [the researchers] performed bulk RNA sequencing on HRR-proficient MycCaP cells treated with the PARP inhibitor (Olaparib) versus vehicle control.
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Eight-Year Outcomes of Testosterone Suppression Plus Enzalutamide or a Non-Steroidal Anti-Androgen for Metastatic, Hormone-Sensitive Prostate Cancer (ENZAMET; ANZUP 1304)

  • August 2026
  • Annals of Oncology
  • Description: [The researchers] previously reported that, at median follow-ups of 34 and 68 months, enzalutamide improved overall survival (OS) compared with a first-generation non-steroidal anti-androgen (NSAA) when added to testosterone suppression for metastatic hormone-sensitive prostate cancer (mHSPC). [The researchers] now report longer-term outcomes, with a focus on adverse events and causes of death.
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SLC3A1 Mitigates Ferroptosis and Promotes Enzalutamide Resistance in Prostate Cancer

  • August 2026
  • Journal of Biochemical and Molecular Toxicology
  • Description: Prostate cancer (PCa) remains a leading cause of cancer-related mortality in aging male, with resistance to enzalutamide (Enza) representing a major therapeutic challenge. This study identifies SLC3A1 as a key driver of Enza resistance.
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Impact of Hydrogel Spacer on Radiation Proctitis After Prostate Cancer Radiation Therapy: A Large-Scale Claims Database Analysis

  • July 2026
  • Advanced in Radiation Oncology
  • Description: [Researchers] evaluated the real-world utility of hydrogel spacer placement for reducing radiation proctitis following prostate cancer radiation therapy using a large-scale claims database.
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Thyroid Cancer Articles

The Effects of Stimulated Thyroglobulin/ Thyroid-Stimulating Hormone Ratio and N1b Status on the Efficacy of the First I-131 Treatment in Patients with Differentiated Thyroid Cancer

  • August 2026
  • PloS One
  • Description: Thyroglobulin (Tg) level is one of the well-known factors affecting the outcome of radioactive iodine treatment in differentiated thyroid cancer, though this tumor marker is affected by the thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) level. To negate this influence, there is an effort to use the stimulated thyroglobulin/ thyroid-stimulating hormone (sTg/TSH) ratio instead of stimulated thyroglobulin (sTg) level alone. N1b cervical lymph node metastasis is also another factor mentioned in literature. This study aims to demonstrate the significance of these two factors whether they affect the treatment outcome in differentiated thyroid cancer patients who received the first radioactive iodine treatment.
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Variation in Thyroidectomy Use in Low-Risk Thyroid Cancer: Analysis of a Statewide Claims Registry

  • August 2026
  • The Journal of Surgical Research
  • Description: Studies have shown variation in thyroidectomy use across geographic settings but have not examined statewide, procedure-specific (total thyroidectomy [TT] versus thyroid lobectomy [TL]) rates for thyroid cancer at the surgeon or facility level. This study aimed to characterize variation and trends across hospitals at the surgeon and facility levels in utilization of TT and TL for low-risk thyroid cancer.
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Advances in Optical and Fluorescence Imaging for Surgical Management of Thyroid Cancer

  • August 2026
  • Cancers
  • Description: The majority of thyroid cancer patients are diagnosed with papillary thyroid cancer. A complete R0 resection significantly lowers cancer recurrence risk for high-risk papillary thyroid cancer but can be difficult to achieve because tumor margins are not easily visualized. The purpose of the present narrative review is to describe current work and future directions in fluorescence-guided thyroid cancer surgery.
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2025 American Thyroid Association Management Guidelines for Adult Patients With Differentiated Thyroid Cancer: What's New for Surgeons?

  • August 2026
  • Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery
  • Description: The American Thyroid Association (ATA) has published an update to the 2015 management guidelines for adult patients with thyroid nodules and differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC). This updated version focuses solely on the management of differentiated thyroid cancer, offering a comprehensive set of guidelines for all stakeholders in the care of differentiated thyroid cancer, but no longer addresses the management of thyroid nodules in adults.
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