Today we’re showcasing some of the top gastroenterology-related articles posted recently across medical journals. These articles range in topics from celiac disease, to cancers, and hepatitis C.

The Role of Negative Incisional Pressure in the Prevention of Surgical Site Complications in Patients with Median Incisional Hernia

  • European Journal of Medical Research, June 2025
  • Description: A single-center retrospective study was conducted to investigate whether the prophylactic application of a single-use negative pressure wound therapy (sNPWT) dressing on closed surgical incisions following incisional hernia (IH) repair of the abdominal wall with meshes reduces the risk of surgical site occurrence (SSO) and the necessity for surgical reoperation.
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Population Screening of Adults Identifies Novel Genetic Variants Associated with Celiac Disease

  • Scientific Reports, June 2025
  • Description: Celiac disease (CeD) is an autoimmune disease driven by a complex genetic interplay within and beyond the human leukocyte antigen (HLA) region. Despite this, half of its heritability remains unexplained, with most of the unidentified variants located in non-protein coding regions. Researchers performed a genome-wide association study among 52,342 adults screened for CeD, including 465 previously undiagnosed and 361 already diagnosed cases, which mitigated the likely disease misclassification present in previous studies. Genotyping and imputation yielded approximately 24.9 million variants for analysis. The study identified 15 novel associations (P < 5E-08) in 12 loci in addition to all the previously associated loci at lower significance thresholds (P < 5E-03). The 5p15.33 locus in the long non-coding RNA gene (LINC01019) showed the highest potential for a true association with CeD. Notably, variants in 5p15.33 have also been associated with rheumatoid arthritis, suggesting a new shared autoimmune locus.
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Preclinical Evaluation of Glycan-targeting Monoclonal Antibodies for Bimodal Near-infrared Fluorescence and Photoacoustic Imaging of Gastrointestinal Cancers

  • EJNMMI Research, June 2025 
  • Description: Near-infrared fluorescence (NIRF) imaging assists surgeons intraoperatively to achieve radical resection of malignant tissue with one-centimeter depth and can be supplemented with photoacoustic imaging to increase depth-of-view. Tumor-associated carbohydrate antigens are promising targets for tumor imaging with potential advantages over protein targeting. This study preclinically evaluates the anti-glycan tracers CH88.2-800CW (anti-Le) and CH129-800CW (anti-sdi-Le) for bimodal NIRF/PA imaging of gastrointestinal cancers.
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Macrovascular Outcomes and Mortality After Bariatric Surgery in Patients with Metabolic Dysfunction-associated Steatotic Liver Disease, and Type 2 Diabetes

  • Diabetology & Metabolic Syndrome, June 2025
  • Description: Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) is the most prevalent chronic liver disease globally, with a significant association between MASLD and Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), obesity, and cardiovascular disease (CVD). While bariatric surgery (BS) has shown efficacy in improving MASLD markers and reducing CVD incidence, its impact on macrovascular events and all-cause mortality in patients with obesity, MASLD, and T2DM remains understudied.
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Fecal Metabolite Profiling Identifies Critically Ill Patients with Increased 30-day Mortality

  • Science Advances, June 2025
  • Description: Critically ill patients admitted to the medical intensive care unit (MICU) have reduced intestinal microbiota diversity and altered microbiome-associated metabolite concentrations. Metabolites produced by the gut microbiota have been associated with survival of patients receiving complex medical treatments and thus might represent a treatable trait to improve clinical outcomes. Researchers prospectively collected fecal specimens, defined microbiome compositions by shotgun metagenomic sequencing, and quantified microbiota-derived fecal metabolites by mass spectrometry from 196 critically ill patients admitted to the MICU for non-COVID-19 respiratory failure or shock to correlate microbiota features and metabolites with 30-day mortality. Microbiota compositions of the first fecal sample after MICU admission were not independently associated with 30-day mortality. Researchers developed a metabolic dysbiosis score (MDS) that uses fecal concentrations of 13 microbiota-derived metabolites, which predicted 30-day mortality independent of known confounders. The MDS complements existing tools to identify patients at high risk of mortality by incorporating potentially modifiable, microbiome-related, independent contributors to host resilience.
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Preoperative Immunosuppressive Therapy Might Not Affect the Length of Resected Bowel in Patients Receiving Ileocolic Resection for Crohn's Disease

  • International Journal of Colorectal Disease, June 2025
  • Description: Rates of surgery remain relevant for localized Crohn's disease despite the evolution of novel therapies. However, the effect of immunosuppressive medication on the perioperative outcome including the extent of the resection is still inconclusive and needs to be evaluated.
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Cost-effectiveness Analysis of a New Paradigm to Simplify Testing, Monitoring and Treatment of Hepatitis C Virus in the United States
  • Cost Effectiveness and Resource Allocation, June 2025
  • Description: The hepatitis C virus (HCV) testing and treatment pathway in the United States (US) includes a range of tests and appointments causing delays and loss to follow-up. We assessed the cost-effectiveness of simplifying the pathway using an economic model to estimate health outcomes, cost differences and incremental cost per quality-adjusted life year (QALY) and life year (LY) of the new paradigm compared to the other scenarios. The analysis compared three scenarios, one based on treatment guidelines, one based on real-world practice and a hypothetical scenario with a simplified pathway ("new paradigm"); these differed in testing and treatment process steps and times. The new paradigm resulted in cost reductions between $19,751 and $16,448, and excess QALYs between 0.42 and 0.70, suggesting that simplifying the US HCV patient pathway may be cost-effective and allows a quicker path to successful treatment and reduce the number of patients lost to follow-up.
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