Consistent engagement with current medical literature enables clinicians to apply the latest evidence-based treatment and integrate research into clinical practice. This approach enhances patient outcomes by facilitating more effective and individualized care.

Today, we’re showcasing some of the latest cardiology-related articles published recently across medical journals. The topics in today’s rundown include hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, congestive heart failure, and atrial fibrillation. Some descriptions were edited for clarity and brevity.

Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy Articles

Apical Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy in ATTR Val142Ile Carrier: When Genes and Phenotype Diverge

  • Journal of the American College of Cardiology
  • May 2026
  • Description: Pathogenic transthyretin (TTR) variants, such as V142I, demonstrate incomplete, age-dependent penetrance and may be present in patients without clinical transthyretin cardiac amyloidosis cardiomyopathy (ATTR-CM). Distinguishing true ATTR-CM from phenocopies like apical HCM (ApHCM) is critical to guide management.
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Apical Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy (Yamaguchi Syndrome) Presenting as Acute Coronary Syndrome Mimic: A Case Report

  • Cureus
  • April 2026
  • Description: Apical hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, or Yamaguchi syndrome, is a morphological variant of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy that frequently mimics acute coronary syndrome due to ischemic-type chest pain and characteristic electrocardiographic changes.
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Cardiac Myosin Inhibitors (CMIs) and Surgical Referral in Patients with Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy

  • Journal of Cardiovascular Development and Disease
  • April 2026
  • Description: The management of obstructive hypertrophic cardiomyopathy has been transformed by the advent of cardiac myosin inhibitors, such as mavacamten and aficamten. Unlike traditional pharmacotherapy, which primarily addresses symptoms, cardiac myosin inhibitors target the underlying mechanism of sarcomeric hypercontractility, offering significant reductions in left ventricular outflow tract gradients and improved functional capacity. This review evaluates the evolving role of cardiac myosin inhibitors in refining surgical candidate selection and postoperative care.
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Experiences, Values and Goals of People Living with Obstructive Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy: Exploratory Patient Interviews

  • Patient Preference and Adherence
  • May 2026
  • Description: This qualitative study explored the experiences, values and goals of patients living with symptomatic obstructive hypertrophic cardiomyopathy.
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Congestive Heart Failure Articles

Profiling the Swallowing Safety and Efficiency of Patients Presenting With Congestive Heart Failure

  • Laryngoscope Investigative Otolaryngology
  • April 2026
  • Description: Existing literature on dysphagia in patients with congestive heart failure largely relies on patient-reported outcomes with limited instrumental data. This study aimed to objectively profile swallowing function in congestive heart failure patients using videofluroscopic swallow studies analyzed with the ASPEKT (Analysis of Swallowing Physiology: Events, Kinematics, and Timing) method.
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Association of the Endothelial Activation and Stress Index (EASIX) with Short-Term Mortality in Critically Ill Patients with Congestive Heart Failure: A Retrospective Cohort Study from the MIMIC Database

  • Medicine (Baltimore)
  • March 2026
  • Description: The role of endothelial injury in worsening congestive heart failure remains unquantified. This study evaluates the Endothelial Activation and Stress Index (EASIX) for predicting short-term mortality in patients with critical congestive heart failure. This was a retrospective cohort study using the Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care-IV (2008–2022).
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Congestive Heart Failure in Patients with Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome: A Secondary Analysis of Large Randomized Controlled Trials

  • Anaesthesia Critical Care and Pain Medicine
  • March 2026
  • Description: Congestive heart failure may coexist and aggravate the non-cardiogenic pulmonary edema of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Yet, patients with congestive heart failure are likely under-represented in ARDS trials. [The researchers] aimed to explore the temporal trends of representation and mortality of patients with comorbid congestive heart failure in ARDS randomized controlled trials. [The researchers] also explored whether the association between congestive heart failure and mortality depends on age.
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Atrial Fibrillation Articles

What Drives Anticoagulant Selection in Patients Aged ≥85 Years with Atrial Fibrillation? Insights from the CRAFT Registry

  • Journal of Clinical Medicine
  • May 2026
  • Description: Anticoagulation management in very elderly patients with atrial fibrillation is particularly challenging due to the coexistence of high thromboembolic and bleeding risks, often compounded by multiple comorbidities. Randomized clinical trials rarely include patients aged ≥85 years, leaving important gaps in our understanding of how anticoagulant therapies are selected in this growing population.
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Artificial Intelligence for Prediction and Detection of Atrial Fibrillation from Sinus-Rhythm Electrocardiograms and Ambulatory Monitoring

  • Biomedicines
  • May 2026
  • Description: Atrial fibrillation is a highly prevalent arrhythmia associated with stroke, heart failure and excess mortality. Yet, “silent” atrial fibrillation episodes remain undetected, leading to underestimation of disease burden. Additionally, paroxysms occur in an “unpredictable” way, and available clinical scores only stratify long-term atrial fibrillation risk with moderate discrimination, lacking the ability to evaluate near-term events. Artificial intelligence applied to sinus rhythm from short or continuous electrocardiogram recordings shows that such predictive information is hidden in “plain sight.” This complementary approach seeks to uncover latent atrial fibrillation substrate and forecast imminent atrial fibrillation episodes.
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Effects of Diazepam Addition to Standard Treatment of Atrial Fibrillation in Emergency Department Settings: A Unicentric Retrospective Study

  • Medicina (Kaunas)
  • April 2026
  • Description: Diazepam, a GABAA receptor agonist with sympatholytic properties, is sometimes co-administered with antiarrhythmic agents in the emergency management of atrial fibrillation, yet evidence supporting this practice is remarkably limited. Given the established role of sympathetic activation in the initiation and maintenance of atrial fibrillation, [researchers] investigated whether adjunctive diazepam influences treatment outcomes.
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