Treatment of Acute Uncomplicated Cystitis and Pyelonephritis in Women

Publication Date: March 1, 2011

Key Points

Key Points

  • Preferred antibiotics for acute cystitis are nitrofurantoin, or trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (TMP-SMX) if local resistance rates are < 20%.
  • In patients suspected of pyelonephritis, a urine culture and susceptibility testing should always be performed.
  • Preferred antibiotics for outpatient pyelonephritis are a fluoroquinolone or TMP-SMX. Consider an initial single-dose IV ceftriaxone or an aminoglycoside if community resistance is > 10% or, for TMP-SMX, if susceptibility unknown.
  • Women with pyelonephritis requiring hospitalization should be initially treated with an IV antimicrobial regimen such as a fluoroquinolone, an aminoglycoside with or without ampicillin, an extended-spectrum cephalosporin or extended-spectrum penicillin with or without an aminoglycoside, or a carbapenem.

Selecting a Treatment Regimen

Selecting a Treatment...

...cute Uncomplicated Cysti...

...itrofurantoin monohydrate/macrocrystals...

...for 3 days is an appropriate choice for therapy,...

...threshold of 20% as the resistance...

In some countries and regions, trimethoprim 100 m...

...sfomycin tromethamine 3 g single-dose...

...illinam 400 mg bid for 3 to 7 days is an ap...

...e highly efficacious. ( A , I...

...pensity for collateral damage and should...

...m agents including amoxicillin-clavulana...

...ms, such as cephalexin, are less well st...

...actams generally have inferior efficacy...

659

...ampicillin should NOT be used for empiri...


...Pyelonephritis...

...ected of pyelonephritis, a urine culture and susce...

...floxacin 500 mg bid for 7 days wit...

...ial one-time IV agent is utilized, a...

...initial one-time IV dose of a long-acti...

...r a consolidated 24-hour dose of an amin...

...e-daily oral fluoroquinolone, inclu...

...m-sulfamethoxazole (TMP-SMX) bid fo...

...tial IV dose of a long-acting parentera...

...nsolidated 24-hour dose of an aminoglycoside is r...

...lonephritis requiring hospitalization should...


...ted Urinary Tract Infections...


 Table 1. Antibiotics for Acute Unc...