Hospital-acquired and Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia
Key Points
Key Points
All-cause mortality associated with VAP has been reported to range from 20%–50%.
Serious complications from HAP occur in approximately 50% of patients.
Diagnosis
...gnosis
...1. Risk Factors for Multidrug-Resis...
...obiologic Methods...
...ggest noninvasive sampling with semi...
...asive sampling with semiquantitative cultur...
...uggest that patients with suspected HAP (...
...omarker...
...tients with suspected HAP/VAP, ATS and IDSA...
...with suspected HAP/VAP, ATS and IDSA recommend...
...s with suspected HAP/VAP, ATS and I...
...atients with suspected HAP/VAP, ATS and IDSA s...
Treatment
...atment...
...nitial
...ts with ventilator-associated tracheobronchit...
...recommend that all hospitals regularly...
...SA recommend that empiric treatmen...
...patients with suspected VAP, ATS a...
ATS and IDSA suggest including an agent active ag...
...gest including an agent active agai...
...iric coverage for MRSA is indicated, ATS an...
...iric treatment that includes coverage for MSSA (a...
ATS and IDSA suggest prescribing two anti...
...uggest prescribing one antibiotic acti...
In patients with suspected VAP, ATS and...
...suspected VAP, ATS and IDSA suggest avoidin...
...DSA recommend that empiric antibiotic regimen...
...recommend that all hospitals regularly ge...
...eing treated empirically for HAP, ATS...
...nts with HAP who are being treated empirically and...
...ts with HAP who require empiric coverage fo...
...atients with HAP who are being treate...
...ts with HAP who are being treated empirically, A...
...patients with HAP who are being tre...
...patients with HAP who are being t...
...timizati...
...ith HAP/VAP, ATS and IDSA suggest that antibiot...
...ed Antibiotic...
...ith VAP due to Gram-negative bacill...
Pathogen-Specific...
...IDSA recommend that MRSAHAP/VAP be treated wi...
For patients with HAP/VAP due to P. ae...
...atients with HAP/VAP due to P. aer...
...or patients with HAP/VAP due to P. aerugin...
...patients with HAP/VAP due to P. aeruginosa wh...
...nts with HAP/VAP due to P. aerugino...
...ents with HAP/VAP due to extended-spectrum...
In patients with HAP/VAP caused by A...
...patients with HAP/VAP caused by Acinetobac...
...nd ATS and IDSA suggest adjunctive inh...
...ith HAP/VAP caused by Acinetobacter species...
...ith HAP/VAP caused by Acinetobacte...
...ients with HAP/VAP caused by a carbapenem-r...
...DSA suggest adjunctive inhaled colistin. ( W ,...
...nts with VAP, ATS and IDSA recommen...
...s with HAP, ATS and IDSA recommend a 7-day...
...with HAP/VAP, ATS and IDSA suggest that an...
For patients with HAP/VAP, ATS and...
...with suspected HAP/VAP, ATS and IDSA...
...le 2. Recommended Initial Empiric Antibiotic T...
...ble 3. Empiric Treatment Options for Suspected MR...