Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation and Emergency Cardiovascular Care

We suggest against the routine use of passive ventilation techniques during conventional CPR. (C, VL)

We suggest actively preventing fever by targeting a temperature ≤37.5° C for patients who remain comatose after ROSC from cardiac arrest. (C, L)

Whether subpopulations of cardiac arrest patients may benefit from targeting hypothermia at 32° C to 34° C remains uncertain. Comatose patients with mild hypothermia after ROSC should not be actively warmed to achieve normothermia. (U, U)

We recommend against the routine use of prehospital cooling with rapid infusion of large volumes of cold intravenous fluid immediately after ROSC. (S, M)

We suggest surface or endovascular temperature control techniques when temperature control is used in comatose patients after ROSC. (C, L)

When a cooling device is used, we suggest using a temperature control device that includes a feedback system based on continuous temperature monitoring to maintain the target temperature. (U, U)

We suggest active prevention of fever for at least 72 hours in post–cardiac arrest patients who remain comatose. (U, U)