Primary Open-Angle Glaucoma Suspect Preferred Practice Pattern
Publication Date: November 12, 2020
Last Updated: March 14, 2022
HIGHLIGHTED FINDINGS AND RECOMMENDATIONS FOR CARE
A diagnosis of primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) suspect is established by the presence of a consistently elevated intraocular pressure (IOP), also known as ocular hypertension, or a suspicious optic nerve, retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL), or visual field, in one or both eyes.
Established risk factors for POAG include older age, African race or Latino/Hispanic ethnicity, elevated IOP, family history of glaucoma, low ocular perfusion pressure, type 2 diabetes mellitus, myopia, and a thin central cornea.
The decision to treat a POAG suspect patient depends on the level of IOP and other associated risk factors, or evidence of change of the optic nerve, RNFL, or visual field indicating the development of POAG.
In the Ocular Hypertension Treatment Study (OHTS), more than 90% of patients with untreated ocular hypertension did not progress to glaucoma over 5 years, but treatment to lower IOP reduced the risk of developing POAG from 9.5% to 4.5%.
A reasonable target for IOP reduction in a POAG suspect patient in whom the decision to treat has been made is 20%, based on the OHTS.
Appropriate testing to evaluate and monitor patients diagnosed as a glaucoma suspect includes gonioscopy, pachymetry, tonometry, perimetry, careful examination of the optic nerve, and ocular imaging. Computer-based imaging and stereoscopic photography provide different and complementary information about optic nerve status. (, , )
Established risk factors for POAG include older age, African race or Latino/Hispanic ethnicity, elevated IOP, family history of glaucoma, low ocular perfusion pressure, type 2 diabetes mellitus, myopia, and a thin central cornea.
The decision to treat a POAG suspect patient depends on the level of IOP and other associated risk factors, or evidence of change of the optic nerve, RNFL, or visual field indicating the development of POAG.
In the Ocular Hypertension Treatment Study (OHTS), more than 90% of patients with untreated ocular hypertension did not progress to glaucoma over 5 years, but treatment to lower IOP reduced the risk of developing POAG from 9.5% to 4.5%.
A reasonable target for IOP reduction in a POAG suspect patient in whom the decision to treat has been made is 20%, based on the OHTS.
Appropriate testing to evaluate and monitor patients diagnosed as a glaucoma suspect includes gonioscopy, pachymetry, tonometry, perimetry, careful examination of the optic nerve, and ocular imaging. Computer-based imaging and stereoscopic photography provide different and complementary information about optic nerve status. (, , )
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Overview
Title
Primary Open-Angle Glaucoma Suspect Preferred Practice Pattern
Authoring Organization
American Academy of Ophthalmology
Publication Month/Year
November 12, 2020
Last Updated Month/Year
August 16, 2023
Supplemental Implementation Tools
Document Type
Guideline
External Publication Status
Published
Country of Publication
US
Inclusion Criteria
Female, Male, Adult
Health Care Settings
Ambulatory, Hospital
Intended Users
Optometrist, optician, nurse, nurse practitioner, physician, physician assistant
Scope
Diagnosis
Diseases/Conditions (MeSH)
D005902 - Glaucoma, Open-Angle
Keywords
open-angle glaucoma, glaucoma, intraocular pressure, Ocular Hypertension, suspicious optic nerve, retinal nerve fiber layer