Vascular Liver Disorders, Portal Vein Thrombosis, and Procedural Bleeding in Patients With Liver Disease

Simultaneous changes in procoagulant and anticoagulant pathways in patients with cirrhosis result in complex hemostatic changes that are not adequately captured by traditional laboratory measures of hemostasis, such as PT, aPTT, and platelet count.

Distinct hypercoagulable and hypocoagulable features may be present simultaneously in an individual patient and may contribute to thrombosis or bleeding, respectively.

Global tests of hemostasis, such as thrombin generation or whole‐blood viscoelastic tests, better capture the general hemostatic status of a patient with cirrhosis, but have not been clinically validated.