Consistent engagement with current medical literature enables clinicians to apply the latest evidence-based treatment and integrate research into clinical practice. This approach enhances patient outcomes by facilitating more effective and individualized care.

Today, we’re showcasing some of the latest pulmonology-related articles published recently across medical journals. The articles in today’s rundown focus on cystic fibrosis, severe pneumonia, and interstitial lung disease.

Interstitial Lung Disease Articles

Predictors of Rapidly Progressive Interstitial Lung Disease in Anti-MDA5 Dermatomyositis: A Meta-Analysis

  • Rheumatology
  • June 2026
  • Description: Anti-MDA5 antibody-positive dermatomyositis (MDA5+ DM) is frequently complicated by rapidly progressive interstitial lung disease (RP-ILD). The current study aims to identify predictors for the development of RP-ILD in MDA5+ DM, thereby providing an objective basis for early intervention strategies.
  • Summary
  • Full Text

Lymphoid Interstitial Pneumonia in Sjögren Disease: Clinical Course and Comparison with Other Interstitial Lung Disease Patterns

  • Rheumatology
  • June 2026
  • Description: Lymphoid interstitial pneumonia (LIP) is a rare form of Interstitial Lung Disease (ILD), often associated with Sjögren Disease (SjD). However, the clinical-serologic characteristics of SjD-LIP remain poorly characterized. Our objective was to describe the clinical course and outcome of SjD-associated LIP and to compare this subgroup with other SjD-ILD patterns.
  • Summary
  • Full Text

Inhaled Nitric Oxide in Fibrotic and Advanced Interstitial Lung Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials

  • PloS One
  • June 2026
  • Description: Interstitial lung disease (ILD) can lead to pulmonary hypertension (PH), contributing to reduced exercise capacity in patients with ILD. Inhaled nitric oxide (iNO) reduces pulmonary artery pressure and pulmonary vascular resistance and may improve exercise capacity in this population; however, the available evidence remains limited. Therefore, we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to compare the efficacy and safety of iNO versus placebo in patients with ILD.
  • Summary
  • Full Text
Severe Pneumonia Articles

Pulmonary Inflammation in Severe Pneumonia is Characterised by Compartmentalised and Mechanistically Distinct Sub-Phenotypes

  • Nature Communications
  • June 2026
  • Description: Pneumonia is the leading infectious disease killer worldwide and commonly requires admission to critical care. Despite its prevalence, the underpinning biology of severe pneumonia remains incompletely understood. Here [the researchers] perform multifaceted assessments of bronchoalveolar transcriptome, cytokines, microbiology, and clinical features to biologically characterise a cohort of patients with suspected severe pneumonia.
  • Summary
  • Full Text

Clinical Significance of LINC01093 in Children with Severe Pneumonia and Its Regulation of miR-326/MAPK1 Axis

  • BioMed Central
  • June 2026
  • Description: Severe pneumonia (SP) poses a significant threat to the life safety of children. This study aims to investigate the diagnostic and prognostic significance as well as the molecular mechanism of LINC01093 in children with SP.
  • Summary
  • Full Text

Association Between Blood Urea Nitrogen-to-Creatinine Ratio Trajectories and Mortality in Patients with Severe Pneumonia Requiring Invasive Mechanical Ventilation: A Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care IV (MIMIC-IV) Database Analysis

  • Journal of Thoracic Disease
  • May 2026
  • Description: Once pneumonia patients progress to requiring invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV), mortality in the intensive care unit (ICU) increases substantially. The blood urea nitrogen-to-creatinine ratio (BUNCR) is a potential biomarker of catabolic stress in critically ill patients, yet its dynamic prognostic value in ICU-admitted pneumonia patients remains unclear. This study employed group-based trajectory modeling to explore the association between early dynamic changes in BUNCR and mortality.
  • Summary
  • Full Text
Cystic Fibrosis Articles

Changes in Chronic Therapies for Cystic Fibrosis Following Initiation of CFTR Modulators: A UK Retrospective Cohort Study 2009 - 2023

  • Journal of Cystic Fibrosis
  • June 2026
  • Description: People with cystic fibrosis have a significant treatment burden from large numbers of maintenance therapies required to manage this multi-organ condition. Currently, there are limited data on the impact of CFTR (Cystic Fibrosis Transmembrane Conductance Regulator) modulator use, including Elexacaftor/Tezacaftor/Ivacaftor, on prescribing of traditional maintenance therapies in the UK.
  • Summary
  • Full Text

GLP-1 Receptor Agonist Therapy in Cystic Fibrosis-Related Diabetes: Insights from a Pilot Implementation Program

  • Canadian Journal of Diabetes
  • June 2022
  • Description: Cystic fibrosis-related diabetes (CFRD) management is evolving as the CF population experiences increasing rates of overweight and obesity, particularly with widespread cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) modulator use. This article describes practical insights from implementing a pilot program evaluating injectable semaglutide, a GLP-1 receptor agonist (GLP-1 RA), in adults with CFRD.
  • Summary
  • Full Text

Persistence of Lung Hyperinflation and Small Airway Dysfunction in School-Aged Children with Cystic Fibrosis Treated with Elexacaftor–Tezacaftor–Ivacaftor: Results from the Real-World MODUL-CF Study

  • ERJ Open Research
  • June 2026
  • Description: Trapped gas (TG) and ventilation inhomogeneity (VI) are early markers of altered small airway function (SAF) in cystic fibrosis (CF) lung disease. The evolution of these markers in children with CF (chCF) treated with elexacaftor–tezacaftor–ivacaftor (ETI) remains poorly understood. Using data from multiple breath washout (MBW) and body plethysmography (pleth) from a national, real-world cohort of school-aged chCF, we tested the hypothesis that VI and TG do not consistently return to normal levels following ETI therapy.
  • Summary
  • Full Text

Don’t miss our other pulmonology-related articles and sign up for alerts and stay informed on the latest published articles and guidelines.