Consistent engagement with current medical literature enables clinicians to apply the latest evidence-based treatment and integrate research into clinical practice. This approach enhances patient outcomes by facilitating more effective and individualized care.

Today, we’re showcasing some of the latest anesthesiology-related articles published recently across medical journals. The articles in today’s rundown range focus on or are related to local and regional anesthesia topics. Some descriptions were edited for clarity and brevity. All articles featured below were published in March or February of 2026.

Local Anesthesia Articles

Clinical Effectiveness of Transversus Abdominis Plane Block Versus Local Anaesthesia Wound Infiltration for Postoperative Pain Relief After Laparoscopic Appendicectomy in Children

  • European Journal of Anaesthesiology, March 2026
  • Description: Postoperative pain relief after laparoscopic appendicectomy in children provided by transversus abdominis plane (TAP) block and local anaesthesia wound infiltration (LAWI) of trocar insertion sites has never been compared. [The purpose of the study is to] investigate whether TAP block could decrease postoperative opioid requirements after laparoscopic appendicectomy in children compared with LAWI.
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Patients with Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome Experience Reduced Effectiveness of Lidocaine Local Anesthetic: A Randomized Cross-Over Clinical Trial

  • Regional Anesthesia and Pain Medicine, March 2026
  • Description: The Ehlers-Danlos syndromes (EDS) are a collection of heritable connective tissue disorders. Local anesthetic resistance is commonly reported by patients with EDS, but there is little clinical evidence to support this finding. [Researchers] hypothesized that patients with EDS would have increased anesthetic resistance using lidocaine compared with healthy controls.
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A Comparative Clinical Study to Evaluate the Efficacy of Lignocaine 2% and Articaine 4% for Anesthesia of Mandibular First Molars with Irreversible Pulpitis

  • Journal of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, February 2026
  • Description: Achieving anesthesia in mandibular molars with irreversible pulpitis (IP) is quite challenging. This study highlights the efficacy of two clinically effective local anesthetic agents - lidocaine 2% and articaine 4%.
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Regional Anesthesia Articles

Association Between Regional Anesthesia Strategies, Postoperative Pain and Same-Day Discharge Following Knee Arthroplasty: A Single-Centre Service Evaluation

  • BMC Anesthesiology, March 2026
  • Description: Knee arthroplasty is an established treatment for degenerative and inflammatory knee disorders. Effective perioperative analgesia is essential for early mobilization and same-day discharge. This study evaluated the relationship between different regional anesthesia techniques, postoperative pain, and same-day discharge rates in knee arthroplasty patients.
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A Preliminary Observational Case Series of Combined Genicular Nerve Block and iPACK for Total Knee Arthroplasty

  • Journal of Clinical Medicine, February 2026
  • Description: Total knee arthroplasty is associated with severe postoperative pain that can impair early mobilization and prolong recovery. While adductor canal block combined with iPACK is commonly recommended, this strategy may provide incomplete articular coverage and occasionally compromise quadriceps function. Genicular nerve block selectively targets the sensory innervation of the knee, and when combined with iPACK may achieve near-complete joint analgesia while preserving motor function.
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Interfascial Injection Pressure Depending on Type of Regional Anesthesia Needle

  • Journal of Clinical Medicine, February 2026
  • Description: Reliable identification regarding interfascial spaces proves essential to achieve successful nerve block analgesia; however, ultrasound guided approaches are recognized as challenging, particularly in obese or pediatric patients. In prior cadaveric and clinical investigations, multiple approaches were evaluated to identify methods for measuring injection pressures as a function of needle position relative to fascia. [The researchers’] previous study proposed simpler method of finding interfascial spaces with the needle tip. In this study, it was examined whether needle tip design influences injection pressures during regional anesthesia procedures, via an ex vivo pig specimen setup.
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Femoral Nerve Block Versus Pericapsular Nerve Group Block for Pain Management in Emergency Department Patients with Extracapsular Hip Fractures

  • Journal of Clinical Medicine, February 2026
  • Description: Regional anesthesia is one of the critical alternatives for managing severe pain in patients with hip fractures. Femoral nerve block (FNB) is a common technique, and pericapsular nerve group block (PENG) has emerged as a promising alternative. However, the comparative efficacy of these techniques in extracapsular hip fractures, which have a distinct innervation pattern from intracapsular fractures, is not well established. Thus, [the researchers] compared the analgesic efficacy of ultrasound-guided FNB and PENG blocks in emergency department patients with extracapsular hip fractures.
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Look forward to more journal-focused topics in the coming weeks. 

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