Chronic Kidney Disease in HIV-Infected Patients
Key Points
Key Points
- The risk of chronic kidney disease (CKD) is increased in individuals infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) compared with the general population.
- In African Americans, HIV infection imparts a risk for end-stage renal disease (ESRD) that is of similar magnitude to that of diabetes.
- -infected patients, including direct effects by HIVA constellation of potential factors contributes to excess kidney disease in HIV-infected patients, including direct effects by HIV infection, HIV-associated immune activation, drug toxicity, coinfection with hepatitis C virus, and a high prevalence of traditional kidney disease risk factors.
Diagnosis
...gnosis
Monitor...
...recommends monitoring creatinine-based est...
...monitoring kidney damage with urinalysis...
...valuati...
...ommends that the evaluation of new-onset or...
...ends that HIV-infected patients with...
...en possible, IDSA recommends establishi...
...possible, IDSA recommends avoiding th...
...Chronic Kidney Disease Classification Acc...
...able 1. Classification of Albuminuria and Protei...
...ble 2. Risk Factors for CKD and ESRD: Data From...
...ratory Indicators of Proximal Tubular...
Treatment
...atment...
...nagement...
IDSA recommends that clinicians prescribe ART an...
...that clinicians use either the CKD Epidemio...
...recommends that patients with biopsy-confir...
...ected with HIV who have a GFR...
...n tenofovir-treated patients who experience a conf...
...diovascular Dru...
...commends using angiotensin-converting e...
...that HIV-infected individuals with pre-...
...suggests that clinicians consider prescrib...
...od Pressur...
...mends a target blood pressure of...
...target blood pressure of 30-300 mg/...
Corticostero...
...suggests that clinicians consider cortico...
...Transplantation...
...mends that HIV providers assess pati...
...mmends that HIV providers assess patients with...
Children and Adolescents with HIV
...hildren and Adolescents...
Screenin...
...ults, IDSA recommends that children and adolescen...
...SA suggests avoiding tenofovir as p...
...eatment...
IDSA recommends that children and adolesc...
...suggests using ACE inhibitors or ARBs to trea...
...ggests that corticosteroids NOT be used...
...le 4. Dosing of Antiretroviral Drug...