Chronic Kidney Disease in HIV-Infected Patients
Key Points
Key Points
- The risk of chronic kidney disease (CKD) is increased in individuals infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) compared with the general population.
- In African Americans, HIV infection imparts a risk for end-stage renal disease (ESRD) that is of similar magnitude to that of diabetes.
- -infected patients, including direct effects by HIVA constellation of potential factors contributes to excess kidney disease in HIV-infected patients, including direct effects by HIV infection, HIV-associated immune activation, drug toxicity, coinfection with hepatitis C virus, and a high prevalence of traditional kidney disease risk factors.
Diagnosis
Diagnosi...
...nitorin...
...ommends monitoring creatinine-based e...
...onitoring kidney damage with urinalysis or a...
...luation
...that the evaluation of new-onset or ne...
...mmends that HIV-infected patients with kidney dise...
...en possible, IDSA recommends establishin...
..., IDSA recommends avoiding the use of p...
...igure 1. Chronic Kidney Disease Class...
...ble 1. Classification of Albuminuria and Prote...
...k Factors for CKD and ESRD: Data From St...
...aboratory Indicators of Proximal Tub...
Treatment
Treatme...
...nagement
...SA recommends that clinicians prescribe A...
...ecommends that clinicians use either the CKD...
IDSA recommends that patients with bio...
...nts infected with HIV who have a GFR...
...n tenofovir-treated patients who experience a...
...ardiovascular Drugs...
...nds using angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) i...
...ommends that HIV-infected individuals wi...
...DSA suggests that clinicians consider prescri...
...od Pressure...
...ommends a target blood pressur...
...target blood pressure of 30-300 mg...
...rticosteroid...
...s that clinicians consider corticost...
...Transplantation...
...recommends that HIV providers assess patients...
...that HIV providers assess patients wi...
Children and Adolescents with HIV
...n and Adolescents with...
...eening...
...dults, IDSA recommends that children a...
...sts avoiding tenofovir as part of first-l...
...atment...
...ommends that children and adolescents with HIV who...
...ts using ACE inhibitors or ARBs to treat...
IDSA suggests that corticosteroids NOT...
...of Antiretroviral Drugs for HIV-Infe...